TZM Alloy and Other Molybdenum Alloys

Pure molybdenum room temperature brittle and cold-brittle transition temperature is high, which greatly limits its processing and applications. In order to expand the application range of molybdenum material, manufacturers usually add a small amount of alloying elements into molybdenum to obtain molybdenum alloy. Molybdenum alloy not only improves the toughness of molybdenum and reduce its plastic-brittle transition temperature, but also can expand its application range. Molybdenum alloys can be classified by strengthening type and alloying elements. The following mainly describes the classification by alloying elements, which is binary molybdenum alloy, multi-element molybdenum alloy, doped molybdenum alloys, rare earth molybdenum alloy and so on.

Binary molybdenum alloy means adding single alloy elements into molybdenum to form molybdenum alloy. Adding tungsten and rhenium in molybdenum, this molybdenum alloy has large alloying elements added quantity and the hardness and heat resistant of alloys is excellent. The molybdenum alloy which added with titanium, zirconium, hafnium and other alloy elements has small alloying elements adding quantity.

Multi-element molybdenum alloy, there are two or more alloying elements added into molybdenum. Multi-element molybdenum alloy has a variety of categories, such as Mo-Ti-Zr-C series, which is an alloy added with a certain amount of zirconium and carbon on the basis of Mo-0.5Ti, including TZC and TZM. Mo-W-Hf-C series and the Mo-W-Hf-Zr-C series have good overall performance, but the preparation process is not mature, including M25WH1, M25WH, H2WM25, and M25WZH1 and so on. Mo-Hf-Zr-O series according to different hafnium doping quantity are divided into different type, including ZHM, ZHM4, ZHM7, and ZHM8.

Doped molybdenum alloy usually doped silicon, aluminum, potassium and other trace elements into molybdenum, which has better high temperature properties. Recrystallization temperature of this it can reach 1750 ℃, and after recrystallization it has some strength and ductility.

Rare earth molybdenum alloy has stable chemical structure and good strengthening effect, which has wide application range.

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Molybdenum Properties

The following is the profile of molybdenum properties and it is for your reference.

Molybdenum Bar

Molybdenum Physical Properties
Density	lb/in3	0.369
	gm/cm3	10.30
Melting Point	°F	4760
	°C	2625
Thermal Conductivity	Cal/cm2/cm°C/sec	0.35
Specific Heat	Cal/gm/°C	0.061
Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion	micro-in/°F x 10-6	4.90
	micro-in/°C x 10-6	2.70
Electrical Resistivity	micro-ohm-cm	5.17
Recrystalization Temp.	°C	1100

Molybdenum Mechanical Properties
Tensile Strength	KSI (Mpa)-RT	150 (1035)
	KSI (Mpa)-500°C	75 (515)
	KSI (Mpa)-1000°C	25 (175)
Elongation	% in 1.0".	--
Hardness	DPH	230
Modules of Elasticity	KSI	45000
	Gpa	310

Molybdenum Chemistry

Minimum % 99.95

Molybdenum Specifications

AMS 7800

Welcome to molybdenum girl's world, this is Elva from Chinatungsten Online who is the charger of molybdenum products. If you have any interests in molybdenum products, such as molybdenum rod, bar, wire, block, disc, plate, foil, sheet, boat, crucible, part, electrode and molybdenum alloy (TZM, MHC, TZC, ZHM, MoCu etc), please send email (sales@chinatungsten.com) to us or call me by the phone +8605925129696.

TZM Alloy

The earliest molybdenum alloy is titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloy (TZM) in industry. Titanium-zirconium-molybdenum alloy (TZM) is famous for it's properties of higher strength, better electronic and heat conductivity and corrosion resistance, lower ductility and vapor pressure, higher temperature of recrystallization and relatively easier to be processed than other refractory metals. 

TZM with the least content of titanium, zirconium and carbon is in the leader in these alloys. TZM is a kind of alloy with (0.5 titanium, 0.08 zirconium, 0.02 carbon) and the margin of TZM is molybdenum. There are two methods of producing TZM: smelting process and powder-alchemical process.

TZM Rods

Application

TZM is widely used in aviation, aerospace industry, such as: materials used for the nozzle, buried pipes and electronic tubes and so on. TZM also is applied to semiconductor products and medical field，for example, the cathode assembles in X-ray target. TZM can also be used as heating elements in high-temperature furnace, heat shield, light alloy forging etc.

Titanium Zirconium Carbon(TZC alloy)

What is Titanium Zirconium Carbon(TZC alloy)?

Titanium Zirconium Carbon molybdenum alloy(TZC alloy) is the alloy with a high content of alloying elements of titanium, zirconium, carbon, molybdenum metal matrix elements. The most famous is the titanium-containing 1.0% to 1.5% (mass fraction), molybdenum alloy of zirconium from 0.1% to 0.3% (mass fraction) and carbon 0.12% to 0.40% (mass fraction), TZC alloy.

TZC alloy has excellent high temperature strength and high recrystallization temperature, also has a good plasticity at room temperature. Using powder metallurgy and vacuum arc melting method of Preparation. Be in a very bad condition to make a high-temperature structural materials and high-temperature processing of tool materials.

TZC Alloy Product

TZC Alloy Product

TZC Alloy Product

TZC Alloy Product

TZC Alloy Product

TZC Alloy Product

It is used in the manufacture of TZC alloy, cast iron and iron-based alloy die-casting molds and cores for stainless steel such as hot extrusion tools and seamless steel pipe thermal processing head. It may also make space rockets flying devices and surface components.

Molybdenum Introduction

Molybdenum is a Group 6 chemical element with the symbol Mo and atomic number is 42. 

The name is from Neo-Latin Molybdaenum, from Ancient Greek Μόλυβδος molybdos, meaning lead, since its ores were confused with lead ores.  Molybdenum minerals have been known into prehistory, but the element was "discovered" (in the sense of differentiating it as a new entity from the mineral salts of other metals) in 1778 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele. The metal was first isolated in 1781 by Peter Jacob Hjelm.

Molybdenum does not occur naturally as a free metal on Earth, but rather in various oxidation states in minerals. The free element, which is a silvery metal with a gray cast, has the sixth-highest melting point of any element. It readily forms hard, stable carbides in alloys, and for this reason most of world production of the element (about 80%) is in making many types of steel alloys, including high strength alloys and superalloys.

Molybdenum Alloy Boats

Molybdenum Alloy  Sheets

Molybdenum Alloy  Wire

Molybdenum Plate

Most molybdenum compounds have low solubility in water, but the molybdate ion MoO42− is soluble and forms when molybdenum-containing minerals are in contact with oxygen and water. Industrially, molybdenum compounds (about 14% of world production of the element) are used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications, as pigments and catalysts.

Molybdenum-containing enzymes are by far the most common catalysts used by some bacteria to break the chemical bond in atmospheric molecular nitrogen, allowing biological nitrogen fixation. At least 50 molybdenum-containing enzymes are now known in bacteria and animals, although only bacterial and cyanobacterial enzymes are involved in nitrogen fixation, and these nitrogenases contain molybdenum in a different form from the rest. 

Owing to the diverse functions of the various other types of molybdenum enzymes, molybdenum is a required element for life in all higher organisms (eukaryotes), though not in all bacteria.

TZM Alloy Products

As we all known that TZM alloy (Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum Alloy) is an alloy of which contents 0.4~0.5%Ti, 0.06~0.12%Zr and 0.01~0.04% Carbon with balanced molybdenum.

TZM Darts

TZM  alloy has a higher recrystallization temperature, good strength, hardness and better ductility at room and elevated temperatures than unalloyed molybdenum. In addition, TZM exhibits good thermal conductivity, low vapor pressure, good corrosion resistance and is easy machined than pure molybdenum.

TZM alloy is used for jet tube of flying vehicle and a variety of components of high inlet temperature, high pressure turbine engine, such as hot gas seals and valves, turbine wheels or wheel blades.

 TZM Alloy Rods

 TZM Alloy Discs

 TZM Alloy Shaped Pieces 

 TZM Alloy Block 

 TZM Alloy Screws

 TZM Alloy Foil

The method of TZM alloy process is powder metallurgy. Firstly, mixing proportionally high-purity molybdenum powder with THi2 powder, ZrH2 powder and carbon together in the furnance, then pressed by cold isostatic and sintered at high temperature H2/N2 protective atmosphere to get a TZM blank.

Secondly, taking the TZM blank into the following steps: rolled at high temperatures, forged under high annealing temperature, annealed in medium temperature to eliminate stress then rolled in lower temperature to obtain TZM finished material.

Lastly, we can give users many options in selecting a material to satisfy their specific application requirements by established processes. It is can processed into forging billets, bar, rod, sheet, plate and foil.

It is reported that the prices of TZM dropped in this week. If you are interester in our TZM products, you can send email to us for more information and the email address is  sales@chinatungsten.com   biz@ctia.com.cn or by phone 86 592 512 9696.

TZC Alloy

Four main classes of commercial molybdenum-base alloys exist. The most common of the carbide-strengthened alloys is known as TZM alloy. Other alloys in this class include TZC Alloy (1.2% titanium, 0.3% zirconium, 0.1% carbon), MHC (1.2% hafnium, 0.05% carbon), and ZHM (1.2% hafnium, 0.4% zirconium, 0.12% carbon).

TZC Alloy

TZC alloy has excellent high temperature strength and high recrystallization temperature, also has a good plasticity at room temperature. Using powder metallurgy and vacuum arc melting method of Preparation. Be in a very bad condition to make a high-temperature structural materials and high-temperature processing of tool materials. As used in the manufacture of aluminum and copper alloys, cast iron and iron-based alloy die-casting molds and cores for stainless steel such as hot extrusion tools and seamless steel pipe thermal processing head. It may also make space rockets flying devices and surface components. 

Recently, hafnium instead of titanium useful, with the formation of two-phase approach to strengthen the organization of molybdenum alloy.